THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. (Upper Meeting House, Unitarian Chapel)
But after the passing of the Toleration Act, 24th May, 1689, places of worship for the use of the Presbyterian and Independent Nonconformists sprang up all over the kingdom, of which the old Presbyterian meeting-house at Newbury is a very fair type. It is the oldest, Nonconformist place of worship in the town, and although its time-worn walls of red brick, mellowed by the sun of many summers are now for the most part enveloped in a coat of modern plaster it still hears an air of antique respectability that bespeaks its former importance.
Previous to the erection of this chapel in 1697, the Presbyterian and Independent congregations used the same place of worship, which is referred to in an entry in the minutes of the Court of Quarter Sessions. 1696, as the dwelling-house of Mr. William Taylor in Bartholomew Street ; and at the Sessions held in August the same year it is certified that the newly erected building on the east side of Northbrook Street, on a plot of ground late in the possession of William Lynch, is appointed for an assembly of persons for religious worship.
Mr. Taylor was a son of the Rev. William Taylor, Vicar of St. Stephen's, Coleman Street, and officiated at the chapel till his death in 1700. He was succeeded by James Peirce, one of the most distinguished and learned of the Nonconformist divines, and the pastoral office has since been filled by many men of literary ability and distinction. Formerly the Presbyterian attendants at the chapel numbered some of the principal and most influential of the inhabitants, but the places of those who were removed by death or otherwise were not supplied by others, and those who now remain are comparatively few in number, and for the most part entertain Unitarian views. The following is a complete list of ministers who have successively held the pastorate since Mr. Woodbridge
1686-1694 John Southwell
1696-1700 William Taylor
1700-1713 James Peirce
1713-1726 Joseph Standen
1727-1753 Daniel Mace
1753-1762 John Blackburn
1762-1804 David James
1804-1827 John Kitcat
1827-1828 Peter Thomas Davies
1829-1849 William Wilson*
1849 (part) Goodwyn Barnby
1849-1852 Cornwallis F. Smith
1852-1854 Robert Harris
1855-1856 Frederick Rowland Young
1857-1862 Richard Shelley
1863-1865 William Robinson
1865-1895 Charles Matthews*
1896-1898 James McLuckie Connell
1899 (part) Thomas Johnson Stewart
1899- Ephriam Turland
- Buried in Newtown Road Cemetery
NOTES The Presbyterian, later Unitarian, meeting house was built in Newbury beside the river Kennet in 1697, it ceased to be used in the 1940s, and regrettably was pulled down in 1960.
The Presbyterian Church was influenced by Calvinism which rejected bishops and believed that the church should be governed by a hierarchy of general assembly, synod, presbytery and kirk sessions attended by ministers and elders of equal rank. Presbyterianism flourished in the 17th and early 18th centuries but in the later 18th century many Presbyterian churches adopted Unitarianism. In 1972 the Presbyterian Church of England merged with the Congregational Church to form the United Reformed Church.
Sources:Unitarian Archives Sheffield |